Two forms of social realization of knowledge, the external knowledge which does not belong to an individual and the internal knowledge which stays in an individual's mind, are discussed. They are related but should be differentiated to each other. In traditional information sciences, the former is regarded as `information' or a coded form of the latter. But in the present paper's view, both of them are considered irreducible to mere information. On the basis of the concept of these two forms, the collective knowledge, which is differentiated to the collectivity as a nature of human knowledge, is also defined. Two types of collective knowledge exist: the in-group integrated knowledge in a closed group and the group integrating knowledge in a open group. In-group integrated knowledge is formed under the cooperative action of the group members. With the conceptualization of external knowledge, we shall be able to comprehend the whole movement of knowledge in the society.
内容記述
Two forms of social realization of knowledge, the external knowledge which does not belong to an individual and the internal knowledge which stays in an individual's mind, are discussed. They are related but should be differentiated to each other. In traditional information sciences, the former is regarded as `information' or a coded form of the latter. But in the present paper's view, both of them are considered irreducible to mere information. On the basis of the concept of these two forms, the collective knowledge, which is differentiated to the collectivity as a nature of human knowledge, is also defined. Two types of collective knowledge exist: the in-group integrated knowledge in a closed group and the group integrating knowledge in a open group. In-group integrated knowledge is formed under the cooperative action of the group members. With the conceptualization of external knowledge, we shall be able to comprehend the whole movement of knowledge in the society.